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Dr. Cavid Cabbarzade
HB Guven Clinic, Ataturk avenue 3078
+994 (50) 444-88-11

info@cabbarzade.com

© 2015-2020 Dr. Cavid Cabbarzade

What is tonsil? Why it is operated?

Tonsils on the both sides of the tongue in the mouth provide the synthesis of protective substances in the body holding the microbes entering into the body. The function of tonsils is of great importance during the early childhood when children recognize microbes and the immune system responses against microbes and this function of tonsils decreases with increasing age. They grow further often related to infection in some children between 4-5 and infections disturb the function of the tonsils. Now, they begin to be a source of infection in children rather than the protective function. In some children, its great size cases to the difficulty of breathing and feeding and leads to stopped breathing at night. In this case, the tonsils must be removed. As there are a number of tissues in the same structure in the body in addition to tonsils, the removal of tonsils does not affect the immune system. Recurrent tonsil infections are treated with antibiotics.

When tonsils should be removed?

  • Frequent recurrence of tonsil inflammation (if it is higher than 4-5 times in the last year, 3 times per year in the recurring two years, 2 times per year in the recurring three years)
  • Stopped breathing in sleep (apnea)
  • Tonsil abscess
  • Malignant tonsil tumor
  • Tonsil growth causing to breathing and swallowing difficulty
  • Odor in the mouth
  • Rheumatism, kidney, heart and joint diseases
  • Adenoid and tonsil growth disrupting the structure of the jaw
  • If there is nasal breathing disorders and snoring in children, mainly, tonsil and adenoid are removed together.

What is the Adenoid? Why it is operated?

Adenoid is a lymphoid tissue protecting the body from microbes that sits at the top of the soft palate on the back side of the nose. Normally, all children have adenoid and it is not seen while looking through the mouth. It shows itself with the following signs causing nasal congestion when it becomes bigger:

  • Nasal breathing disorders, mouth breathing, snoring, stopped breathing in sleep
  • Recurrent inflammation of the nose and sinuses
  • Middle ear infections and middle ear fluid along with bad hearing.

If there are these signs and they dont respond to treatments, enlarged and inflammatory adenoid is removed.

What would happen if Adenoid and tonsil surgeries are not conducted?

If there is large size of tonsils and stopped breathing in sleep related to adenoid or breathing / swallowing disorders, it can lead to the following problems in case of non – implementation of the operation:

  • Heart and lung failure related to stopped breathing during sleep
  • Heart rhythm disorders, high blood pressure (it can also be in children)
  • Sudden death during sleep
  • Weakness in physical and mental development
  • Maxillofacial bone changes related to persistent mouth breathing
  • Chronic middle ear infections and sinusitis.

If the surgery is recommended due to recurrent and chronic tonsillitis, non – implementation of the surgery can cause the following problems:

  • Heart rheumatism, inflammation of the heart valve that can cause to heart failure;
  • Inflammation of the kidneys that can cause kidney failure.

At what age should adenoid and tonsils surgery be conducted and what are the risks?

It is one of the most common surgeries in children. It is executed mainly since 2 -3 ages. However, if there is indication, it can be implemented at any age. It is among the surgeries that are less likely to risk. There can be complication associated with anesthesia or surgery in one out of 14.000 surgeries and bleeding in 5 out of 1000 surgeries. People think that pharyngitis emerges after tonsils surgery, but it doesnt have any basis.

How adenoid and tonsil surgery is carried out?

It is conducted under general anesthesia. Adenoid on the top of soft palate and uvula is removed after opening the mouth with special instrument. Tonsils are removed along with capsule being peeled off surrounding muscle fibers. Then, bleeding is controlled. New methods known as electrocuter and radiofrequency are used along with classical methods such as scissors, knives to remove tonsils.

What to pay attention before the surgery?

Food and fluid intake is cut off after 12:00 p.m. a day before the surgery. If there are some medicines which are used permanently, they can be administered with very little water early in the morning on the day of surgery. Medicines such as aspirin which increases bleeding shouldnt be administered a week before the surgery. The surgery is not executed during an active infection.

To what patients should pay attention after the surgery?

In most cases, it is not needed to stay at hospital after the surgery. The patient is controlled and discharged 3 -4 hours after the effect of anesthesia disappears. Medicines prescribed by the doctor should be properly administered. Sore throat, difficulty swallowing continuing for 1 week – 10 day would be reduced with the help of medicine. There can be poor sound change, nasal speech, feeling of pressure in jaw joint, and mouth odor. You should consult your doctor during bleeding from mouth and nose, blood during coughing, severe pain, and high temperature. Tough and hot foods shouldnt be taken to protect the wound during the first 10 days. Vaccine shouldnt be applied within 6 weeks.

During 5 – 7 days after the surgery:

  • Avoid active movements (exercise, gymnastics, and weight lifting).
  • Dont go kindergarten and school.
  • Do not bathe in very hot water.
  • Do not drink dark roast (coffee).